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WIP: add Gaia MW maps #21

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Johannes-Sahlmann wants to merge 1 commit intohenrysky:masterfrom
Johannes-Sahlmann:add-gaia-mw-maps
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WIP: add Gaia MW maps #21
Johannes-Sahlmann wants to merge 1 commit intohenrysky:masterfrom
Johannes-Sahlmann:add-gaia-mw-maps

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@Johannes-Sahlmann
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This is a first attempt at adding the Gaia Milky Way maps (https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2025/01/The_best_Milky_Way_map_by_Gaia) to this package.

This PR should be considered a draft only, since it changes the default behaviour and does not allow the user to choose which map to plot.

It introduces the following changes:

  • add Gaia MW maps (low resolution versions) and set them as default
  • add source_url and license information

Several aspects have not yet been addressed:

  • orientation of the Gaia MW face-on maps (which is different from the Hurt maps)
  • coordinates, scale, and size of the Gaia MW face-on maps

In my view, the goal would be to allow the user to choose between a range of face-on maps (Hurt, Gaia, annotated, not-annotated, etc.) and introduce the Gaia edge-on maps (https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2025/01/The_best_Milky_Way_map_by_Gaia_edge-on, https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2016/09/Anatomy_of_the_Milky_Way). Some of these are available in low- and high-resolution.

To implement this, I suspect that some deeper changes in the classes may be needed so that image properties (coordinate system, origin, size, resolution, etc.) are associated within MWPlotCommon and then propagated as needed.

add source_url and license information
@Johannes-Sahlmann Johannes-Sahlmann marked this pull request as draft February 18, 2026 10:33
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@henrysky henrysky left a comment

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Thanks for the PR to get the work started.

  • The motivation of having the Sun on the right hand side (instead of at the bottom for the new map or left hand side) is to be consistent with astropy and (galpy)[https://github.com/jobovy/galpy], which by default put the Sun at galactocentic (x, y) = (8.xx, 0.0). For the new maps while it is straight forward to rotate the unannotated map, I Don't think we can just rotate the annotated map because some texts would be inverted. But I think it would be great to keep the sun on the right hand side unless the community disagree with it.
  • We should include only high res images (question: how big are the high res version?). As one can generate a low-res version from the high res one locally on user's machines. For example with matplotlib, users can specify resolution in matplotlib instead of in this package. But I agree we can add options for user to specify resolution in this package too.
  • Coordinates, scale, size of the face-on maps are currently hardcoded at here:
    # properties of the images
    since we only have one version of face-on map currently. Since we are going to multiple face-on maps, then we should make coordinates, scale, size etc properties of images like you did for copyright and license. Coordinates and scale are only relevant to face-on map (so keep those properties to MWPlotBase) because edge-on map should always covers the whole sky, coordinates at each pixles of edge-on map can be inferred.

@Johannes-Sahlmann
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Thanks @henrysky for the responses. Please find below my inputs:

  • I suggest focusing on implementing the unannotated map first so we avoid complications due to text
  • I suggest adding an orientation option so that the user can choose their preferred appearence (Sun to the right or Sun an the bottom)
  • The high-resolution option of the unannotated map is ~10 MB. Would that be OK to include? Good point about matplotlib.
  • In terms of nomenclature I think we agree on the face-on map, but we disagree on "edge-on map". I suggest we distinguish the three maps as follows:
  1. All-sky maps
  2. MW face-on map
  3. MW edge-on map https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2025/01/The_best_Milky_Way_map_by_Gaia_edge-on

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